motto

A niechaj narodowie wżdy postronni znają,
Iż Polacy nie gęsi, iż swój język mają.

We'll have it that all and sundry nations be aware
that Poles are no geese, they have a language that they share.

Mikołaj Rej (1505 - 1569), Polish writer, promoted usage of Polish in the literature; the sentence above was written in poetry volume Zwierzyniec (1562).

Some explanations to usage of Polish characters in multi word queries

Using Polish letters on the Internet was always a tricky business. I do not want to complain about the many standards: Windows-1250, ISO-Latin2, UniCode, UTF-8 etc. (more than one standard on an issue makes void all of them). But rather we want to explain how it is handled in our search system.

If you have Polish letters on your computer, just check if the character set selected is Windows-1250, ISO-Latin2, or UTF-8. We do not accept anything else.

If none of them is avakilable, you can still search for texts with Polish letters. Codes of Polish characters are in this case to be built of two characters: a Latin letter and the character ` or | (` on most keyboards is below ~, and | is above \). Use the following character combinations (this page is in HTML Unicode, so all Polish characters should be visible):

  • a` for ą
  • c` for ć
  • e` for ę
  • l` for ł
  • n` for ń
  • o` for ó
  • s` for ś
  • z` for ź
  • z| for ż

Same for capitals.

Or you may be a fan of LaTeX. Then type, if you like:

  • \c{a} for ą
  • \'{c} for ć
  • \c{e} for ę
  • {\l} for ł
  • \'{n} for ń
  • \'{o} for ó
  • \'{s} for ś
  • \'{z} for ź
  • \.{z} for ż

Same for capitals.

By the way, if you want to provide us with bib-tex-items, use please one of the two encodings. Then no clash of standards will happen (as both use the lower set of ascii characters). If you send us an ascii file, then also Windows-1250 and ISO-LATIN-2 are acceptable (both are 8-bit codes; note that UTF-8 is not!!! acceptable in this case, as it is not 8-bit).